Collaboard Blog

Process diagram: basics, symbols and practice

Written by Michael Görög | Feb 28, 2025 3:05:36 PM

Every decision, every procedure, every process follows a structure - but how often does this remain opaque in day-to-day work? An unclear process leads to misunderstandings, delays and avoidable errors. This is exactly where process diagrams come in: They make processes visible, create transparency and help to clearly define responsibilities.

In this article, you will find out what a process diagram is, what symbols there are and how to set it up correctly. We show you how to create a clear diagram that optimizes your work processes in just a few steps. With Collaboard, you can design process diagrams intuitively, edit them in real time with your team and save them securely - whether in the cloud or on your own servers.

What is a process diagram?

A process diagram shows you the individual steps of a process and makes it clear which tasks are carried out when and by whom. Unlike a flowchart or a process diagram, it often focuses on the overall structure instead of showing every single decision or branch.

In many projects, a process diagram is used to clearly line up work steps and clarify responsibilities. In training courses, you can use it to explain processes without getting lost in details. Such a diagram is also useful in quality assurance because you can see at a glance where there is potential for improvement.

 

Processes: Important symbols and elements

Standardized symbols should be used to ensure that the process diagram remains clear and easy to read. They ensure that everyone involved can immediately understand and comprehend the diagram.

  • Oval (start/end): Marks the start or end of a process. In most diagrams, there is exactly one start and one end symbol. Examples: "Order received" (start), "Invoice paid" (end).
  • Rectangle (process step): Shows an action or work step in the process. This can be a task, calculation or processing. Examples: "Check payment", "Upload document", "Send email".
     
  • Diamond (decision point): Symbolizes a decision with at least two possible outcomes. The further course depends on the condition. Examples: "Has the payment been received?" → Yes/No, "Document complete?" → Yes/No.
     
  • Lines and arrows (connections): Define the sequence of steps. Arrows show the process direction and should ideally run from top to bottom or from left to right to make it easier to read.
     

A good flowchart is not only correct in terms of content, but also easy to understand. A clear layout helps to quickly grasp processes and avoid errors. To keep your diagram clearly structured, you should consider the following points:

  1. Use consistent symbols: Stick to the common shapes so that the diagram is easy to read. Too many different symbols can cause confusion.
     
  2. Keep labels short and concise: Use a maximum of one to three words per symbol. Instead of "Check payment received by accounting", use "Check payment".
     
  3. Choose a uniform layout: Arrows and lines should be clear and consistent. Avoid crossing lines by leaving enough space between the elements.
     
  4. Use colors purposefully: Colors help to highlight important areas, but should be used sparingly. Decision routes, for example, can have a different color than standard processes.

 

Create a process diagram in just a few steps

A process diagram helps you to visualize workflows in a structured way and clearly depict complex processes. To ensure that the diagram remains comprehensible and conveys the right information, there are a few key steps to consider.

1. Defining goals and processes

Before you create a process diagram, you should be clear about the goal and the flow of the process. Do you want to optimize an internal work process, depict a decision-making structure or document a production process?

Write down the main steps of the process and identify important decision points. Think about which departments or people are involved and whether there are any dependencies. A clear objective facilitates the structure of the diagram and ensures a precise presentation.

2. Choose the right tool

Whether on paper, a whiteboard or with a digital tool - the choice of the right tool influences the efficiency of diagramming. Online whiteboards such as Collaboard offer benefits such as easy collaboration, flexible customization options and secure storage. They make it easier to make changes in real time and share the diagram with the team. You can also customize symbols, colors and connections with just a few clicks.
 

3. Building the basic structure

Begin with a starting point that initiates the process. Then add process steps as rectangles. Decision paths are represented by diamonds that have at least two possible outcomes (e.g. "Yes" or "No").

Arrows connect the elements and show the sequence of steps. Make sure that the sequence is logical and that there are no unnecessary branches or dead ends. A clear structure improves readability and ensures that the diagram is understandable at first glance.

4. Coordinate the diagram in the team

A good process diagram is created through collaboration. Involve all relevant people to ensure that no important details are missing. Ask for feedback, especially from those who go through the process on a daily basis. With Collaboard, you can edit your diagram directly in the team and add comments or annotations. This allows everyone involved to participate and identify optimization potential at an early stage.
 

5. Test and adjust diagram

A process diagram is a living document that should be reviewed and updated regularly. Test whether the diagram correctly reflects the process and adjust it if necessary. Digital tools such as Collaboard allow you to make changes at any time, insert new process steps and adapt the diagram flexibly to changing processes.

 

 

 

Process diagram: examples from practice

Process diagrams are versatile tools for visualizing processes. Different diagram types are available depending on the application. Here are some practical examples:

Data flow diagram: Structured information processing

A data flowchart shows how data is moved, processed and stored within a system. It is often used in software development or to analyze business processes.

Example: In a bank, a data flow diagram is used to illustrate the path of a loan request - from the application to the credit check to approval or rejection.

Decision flow chart: Clarity for complex decisions

A decision flow diagram (classification tree) helps to systematically evaluate different options. It is often used for approval processes or in medicine for diagnosis.

Example: In a hospital, a decision flow chart can determine which measures are to be taken in the event of certain symptoms of illness - e.g. whether a patient is admitted as an inpatient or treated as an outpatient.

Process flow diagram: Clear processes in production

A process flow diagram shows the sequence of work processes and is often used in manufacturing or logistics.

Example: In a production facility for electrical appliances, a process flow diagram is used to illustrate the assembly processes from material procurement to quality inspection. This allows bottlenecks and optimization potential to be identified quickly.

Company management: Structured approval processes

Companies use process diagrams to make administrative processes transparent.

Example: An order process is displayed as a diagram: From receipt of an order, through internal checking, to approval by the finance department and final delivery.

Project management: clear distribution of tasks

In teams and projects, process diagrams help to visualize responsibilities and workflows.

Example: A team uses a swimlane diagram to clearly separate tasks and responsibilities within a project. Each lane represents a department or person so that everyone knows which steps are the responsibility of whom.

 

The best tips for mapping processes

A well-visualized process makes procedures understandable and helps to identify sources of error. To ensure that your process diagram is clearly structured and effective, you should follow a few basic principles.

  • Define clear objectives: Before you start with the visualization, you should know exactly what the diagram should depict. Should it document a workflow, make bottlenecks visible or serve as a training document? The objective determines the structure and the details that need to be included.
  • Use simple and standardized symbols: Use standardized symbols in process diagrams to ensure clarity. Rectangles for process steps, diamonds for decisions and arrows for connections help to make the process intuitively understandable. If your company uses its own symbols, these should be used consistently throughout.
     
  • Structure processes logically: A process diagram should always follow a clear sequence. The most common reading direction is from left to right or from top to bottom. Complex branches should be avoided or supplemented by sub-diagrams.
    Use clear designations: Each step in the process diagram needs a clear designation. Formulations should be short but precise. Instead of using vague terms such as "processing", it is better to name specific activities, e.g. "check and release data".
     
  • Define responsibilities: In order to design processes in a targeted manner, it should be clear who is responsible for which step. If several teams are involved, a swimlane diagram can help to clearly display responsibilities.
  • Consider deviations and alternatives: A process is rarely linear. It therefore makes sense to incorporate alternative procedures and possible error scenarios. Decision fields with clear conditions help to make different paths comprehensible.
     
  • Keep process diagrams up to date: As processes in companies evolve, process diagrams need to be regularly reviewed and adapted. Outdated representations lead to misunderstandings and inefficient working methods.
     
  • Clearly map processes with Collaboard: Collaboard offers you the opportunity to visualize processes flexibly and intuitively. Simple team collaboration means diagrams can be edited and adapted in real time.
     

 

Create process diagrams now for free with Collaboard

With a well-structured process diagram, you bring clarity to processes and make connections understandable at a glance. Standardized symbols help to map complex processes simply and link the most important steps logically.

Whether data flows, decision paths or workflows - with the right visualization, you can optimize processes, uncover sources of error and clearly define responsibilities. A digital tool not only makes it easier to create, but also to collaborate and adapt to changing processes.

With Collaboard, you can create your process diagrams intuitively and quickly - alone or in a team. With secure storage and flexible hosting options, you retain control of your data at all times.


Process diagram - Frequently asked questions and answers

What advantages do process diagrams offer in practice?

Process diagrams help to visualize workflows, clearly define responsibilities and identify weak points. They facilitate communication within the team, improve work processes and ensure transparent documentation.

How do process diagrams differ from flowcharts?

Process diagrams focus on the overarching structure and the sequence of work steps. In contrast, flowcharts are often more detailed and explicitly depict decisions or branches. Process diagrams are particularly suitable for process optimization, whereas flowcharts are often used in software development or logistics.

Which symbol shapes can be found in process graphics?

Common symbols are ovals for start and end points, rectangles for individual process steps, diamonds for decisions and arrows to connect the elements. This standardization facilitates understanding and application in different areas.

Can I create my own templates in Collaboard?

Yes, with Collaboard you can create and save your own templates to map processes in a time-saving way. You can adapt standardized diagrams for recurring processes and share them with your team.

How do I keep my process diagram up to date?

Process diagrams should be regularly reviewed and adapted to take account of changed processes or new guidelines. With digital tools such as Collaboard, diagrams can be edited in real time and coordinated with those involved.

How can I use process diagrams for training?

Process diagrams are an excellent way of illustrating training content. They help to make complex processes easy to understand and can be edited interactively in Collaboard to simulate practical scenarios.

What functions does Collaboard offer for collaboration on process diagrams?

Collaboard enables functions such as the joint editing of process diagrams in real time. Teams can work together on diagrams, leave comments and implement adjustments immediately without having to manually synchronize versions.